Biometric Photo Requirements Guide

A biometric photo is a standardized photo that meets international (ICAO) standards for machine-readable travel documents. Learn what makes a photo biometric-compliant.

What is a Biometric Photo?

A biometric photo is designed to be read by facial recognition systems. It follows strict international standards (ICAO 9303) to ensure consistent identification across borders. Key features include:

  • Precise face positioning: Face must occupy 70-80% of the frame
  • Neutral expression: No smiling, mouth closed
  • Clear visibility: Both eyes open, face fully visible
  • Plain background: White or light gray, no patterns
  • Consistent lighting: Even, no shadows on face

Biometric Photo Sizes

There are two main biometric photo sizes used worldwide:

35 x 45 mm (ICAO Standard)

Used by: EU, UK, Australia, Japan, Schengen countries

  • Pixels: 413 x 531 at 300 DPI
  • Face height: 32-36mm

2 x 2 inches (51 x 51 mm)

Used by: United States, India

  • Pixels: 600 x 600 at 300 DPI
  • Head height: 25-35mm

Biometric Photo Specifications

Face Coverage70-80% of photo height
Eye PositionHorizontal line at 50-70% of photo height
Head TiltNone - face camera directly
ExpressionNeutral, mouth closed
EyesOpen, clearly visible, no red-eye
GlassesOften prohibited or no glare/tinting
BackgroundPlain white or light gray
LightingEven, no shadows on face or background
ResolutionMinimum 300 DPI

How to Take a Biometric Photo at Home

1. Set Up Background

Stand in front of a plain white or light gray wall. Avoid walls with patterns, shadows, or uneven coloring.

2. Lighting

Use natural daylight facing you, or two light sources on either side. Avoid harsh direct light that creates shadows.

3. Camera Position

Place camera at eye level, about 1.5m away. Use a tripod or have someone hold the camera steady.

4. Pose

Face the camera directly, keep a neutral expression with mouth closed. Remove glasses if your country requires it.

5. Resize

Use our free tool to crop and resize your photo to the exact biometric dimensions required.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between biometric and regular passport photos?

Biometric photos follow stricter international standards (ICAO) for facial recognition systems. They require specific face proportions, neutral expression, and precise positioning that regular photos may not have.

Can I smile in a biometric photo?

No. Biometric photos require a neutral expression with mouth closed. Smiling can interfere with facial recognition software.

Why are glasses often not allowed in biometric photos?

Glasses can cause glare, shadows, or obscure the eyes - all of which interfere with facial recognition systems. Many countries now require glasses to be removed.

Ready to Create Your Biometric Photo?

Use our free tool to resize your photo to exact biometric specifications.

Resize Your Photo - Free